Taiwan has reported a sharp rise in suspected Chinese espionage activities, reflecting escalating tensions between the self-governed island and Beijing. According to Taiwan’s National Security Bureau (NSB), the number of individuals charged with spying for China has tripled in recent years, rising from 16 cases in 2021 to 64 in 2024.
The report highlights a concerning trend: among the 64 individuals charged in 2024, 28 were active military personnel, and 15 were military veterans. The remaining cases involved civilians from various sectors, demonstrating the broad scope of Beijing’s alleged infiltration efforts. Targets included Taiwan’s military units, government agencies, and local organizations.
Espionage Amid Growing Tensions
Beijing considers Taiwan a part of its territory and has repeatedly expressed its intent to bring the island under its control, including the possibility of using force. In contrast, Taiwan’s government firmly rejects these claims, emphasizing that the island’s future is a decision for its 23.5 million residents.
“The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) uses diverse methods to infiltrate all areas of society,” the NSB report stated. These tactics aim to develop networks, gather sensitive information, and exploit Taiwan’s vulnerabilities.
In recent years, China has intensified its pressure on Taiwan through military drills, maritime deployments, and “gray zone” operations—actions designed to destabilize without provoking outright conflict. In one example earlier this year, Taiwanese officials suspected a Chinese vessel of damaging an undersea internet cable, raising concerns about Beijing’s ability to target critical infrastructure.
Espionage Tactics
Taiwan’s security agencies have warned of sophisticated attempts by Beijing to bribe military officers, infiltrate armed forces, and recruit operatives through various channels. The NSB report revealed that Chinese agents have allegedly approached criminal organizations, local temples, and underground banking networks to recruit military personnel and pro-China groups.
In some cases, spies were reportedly tasked with sabotage missions, such as raising the Chinese flag in the event of an invasion. Others were instructed to gather intelligence or support plans to establish a “sniper team” for assassination plots. While the report did not provide specific details about these incidents, the implications are serious, highlighting the ongoing threat posed by espionage activities.
Beijing’s Counterclaims
China has not remained silent on these issues. Its Ministry of State Security (MSS) has accused Taiwan of engaging in espionage against Beijing, claiming to have uncovered over a thousand Taiwanese spying cases. The MSS also launched campaigns against alleged foreign espionage, citing rising tensions with Western powers, particularly the United States.
Strengthening Taiwan’s Defense
Experts emphasize the need for heightened vigilance among both military personnel and civilians in Taiwan. Chao Yu-hsiang, a security researcher at Taiwan’s Institute of National Defense and Security Research, called for stronger confidentiality practices and cautious use of social media. “Developing good security habits can prevent infiltration and exploitation,” he urged.
As espionage tactics evolve with advancing technology, Taiwan’s efforts to counter these threats remain critical for safeguarding its sovereignty and stability.
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